Mental Health Legislation In Uk Social Work Essay

Emotional well-being Legislation In Uk Social Work Essay One grown-up in six in the UK experiences at least one types of psychological sickness whenever. Rate of mental sicknesses can as such be considered as predominant as asthma (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13). Mental infirmities go from extremely regular conditions like gloom to illnesses like schizophrenia, which influence under 1% of the populace. Mental illnesses cost the country roughly 77 billion GBP consistently as far as costs on wellbeing and social consideration (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13). Such diseases are not so much surely knew even today and regularly alarm individuals and trash individuals with such sicknesses (Sheppard, 2002, p 779 to 797). People with long haul psychological wellness issues are probably going to confront separation and social prohibition, wonders that can prompt joblessness or underemployment, neediness, deficient lodging, social disconnection and slander (Sheppard, 2002, p 779 to 797). While UK society is logically dealing with and acknowledge cutting ed ge wonders like homosexuality and same sex relationships, individuals keep on being uncertain about mental issue and regularly partner such conditions with lunacy and the requirement for disengagement and detainment of individuals with extreme and long haul psychological well-being conditions (Angermeyer Matschinger, 2003, p 304 to 309). Enactment and social approach towards intellectually sick individuals has anyway advanced generously through the span of the twentieth century and all the more so over the most recent 25 years. I am set in a private unit that houses individuals that both genders who are more than 16 and have emotional wellness issues. This task centers around emotional wellness law and strategy in the UK and the different manners by which Ii am utilizing my insight and comprehension of these issues to educate my training. Psychological wellness Legislation in UK Poor psychological wellness keeps on having considerable financial and individual effect in the UK. Shame and separation increment such effects (Angermeyer Matschinger, 2003, p 304 to 309). Social examination has reliably discovered the nearness of very negative perspectives towards people with emotional well-being issues (Angermeyer Matschinger, 2003, p 304 to 309). There continues the view that such individuals speak to threats to their networks, observations which are additionally once in a while strengthened by the media. Such negative perspectives don't happen just in the media and the overall population yet additionally among psychological wellness laborers and experts (Angermeyer Matschinger, 2003, p 304 to 309). Such components increment social removing, cause social rejection and lessen the likelihood of such people to pick up business or access social and medicinal services administrations (Angermeyer Matschinger, 2003, p 304 to 309). While biased perspectives towards the intellectually sick despite everything exists in significant measure and unfavorably influence the existence possibilities and social avoidance of such individuals, it additionally should be perceived that considerable advancement has been made through the span of the twentieth century and particularly over the most recent 25 years to improve the physical, mental, financial and social states of such individuals (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). Such changes have fundamentally been achieved through changes in enactment and in social approach (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). Individuals with psychological sicknesses have generally been seen contrarily by society, with perspectives towards them fluctuating from being innocuous annoyances to viciousness inclined and risky people (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). Families with individuals with psychological sicknesses have regularly attempted to shroud such conditions because of a paranoid fear of social defamation and the state, directly until the finish of the nineteenth century, was OK with securing such individuals up insane person shelters (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). The Madhouse Act 1774 prompted the making of a commission with power to offer licenses to premises for obliging maniacs (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). Succeeding enactment gave mental medical clinics the position to keep individuals with mental sicknesses (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). The Lunacy Act 1890 was canceled with the death of the Mental Health Act 1959. The Mental Health Act 1959 reinforced the Mental Treatment Act 1930 and permitted most mental admissions to occur on an intentional premise (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). The Act planned for giving casual treatment to most people with mental diseases, even as it made a lawful system for detainment of specific individuals (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). The suggestions made in the Percy Report prompted choices on mandatory detainment of intellectually sick people changing from legal to regulatory privileges (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). The 1959 Act anyway didn't explain whether lawful detainment orders for individuals with mental clutters approved medical clinics to treat such individuals without their assent (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). The death of the Mental Health Act 1983 gave a scope of protections to individuals in emergency clinics. The demonstration likewise forced an obligation on the area wellbeing specialists and social hel p divisions to give after consideration administrations to the individuals released from emergency clinic (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). The Mental Health Act 1983 secured the evaluation, treatment and the privileges of individuals with emotional well-being conditions and determined that individuals could be kept just if the exacting standards indicated in the demonstration were met (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). The Mental Health Act 2007 intended to modernize the Mental Health Act 1983 and consolidated changes that extended the meaning of mental issue and gave more prominent state to patients about who their closest family members were (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13). The demonstration additionally diminished the circumstances where electroconvulsive treatment could be given without authorization, gave confined patients rights to free emotional well-being advocates, gave 16 and multi year olds rights to concur or reject admission to emergency clinic without such choices being supplanted by guardians and presented directed network treatment (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13). The change of the Mental Health Act was trailed by the distribution of a code of training that gives direction to human services experts on the translation of the law all the time (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13). The code of training has five significant augmentations to core values, which manage reason, least limitation, investmen t, and viability, effectiveness and value (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13). The code critically expresses that the particular needs of patients should be perceived and patients ought to be included to the best conceivable degree in the arranging of their treatment (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13). While The Mental Health Act 1983, as altered in 2007, establishes the most significant emotional wellness enactment in the nation, the privileges of individuals with psychological well-being infirmities is additionally represented by different acts like The Mental Capacity Act 2005, The Disability Discrimination Act 1995, The Health and Social Care Act 2008, The Care Standards Act 2007, The Mental Health (Patients in the Community) Act 1995, The Carers (Recognition and Services) Act 1996 and The Community Care (Direct Payment) Act 1996. These demonstrations by method of specific arrangements accommodate the rights and privileges of youthful and elderly people with mental afflictions (Mind.Org, 2010, p 1). Dynamic enactment in regions of psychological well-being has been joined by changes in social consideration strategy for individuals with such diseases (Brand et al, 2008, p 3 to 7). The start of social work in the zone of emotional well-being initiated with the commitment of a social laborer by the Tavistock Clinic in 1920 (Brand et al, 2008, p 3 to 7). While social work in the region of psychological well-being was stifled until the 1950s, it in this way accepted bigger measurements and prompted the acknowledgment of the utility of non clinical social mediations for treatment of clinical medical problems (Brand et al, 2008, p 3 to 7). The distribution of the Beverage Report in 1942 was instrumental in adjusting government strategy and moving the treatment of individuals with mental disarranges from medical clinics to the network (Brand et al, 2008, p 3 to 7). The 1950s saw the foundation of day emergency clinics, more prominent adaptability in provisioning of mental administrations and decrease in medical clinic beds (Brand et al, 2008, p 3 to 7). The presentation of cutting edge sedates, the foundation of restorative bodies and advancement of more noteworthy outpatient administrations prompted the reduction of quantities of mental inpatients from 1955 (Brand et al, 2008, p 3 to 7). A lot of such decline was incited by the presentation of social restoration and resettlement techniques, presentation of against maniacal prescription and accessibility of government assistance benefits (Brand et al, 2008, p 3 to 7).Intensive discussion and conversation in the media and among the network on the need to improve the states of individuals with emotional well-being issues prompted the presentation of explicit projects like the Care Program Approach (CPA) in 1991 and other government activities (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13). The direction on Moderni zing Mental Health Services worried upon the requirement for giving consideration consistently of the day and night and access to an exhaustive exhibit of administrations (Ray et al, 2008, p 2 to 13).The presentation of the National Service Framework for Mental Health in 1999 expounded the national norms for emotional wellness, their goals, how they were to be created and conveyed and the techniques for estimating execution in various pieces of the nation (Sheppard, 2002, p 779 to 797).Social laborers are currently assuming significant jobs in the treatment of individuals with psychological well-being issue and their more noteworthy incorporation in the network (Brand et al, 2008, p 3 to 7. Social work hypothesis and practice has consistently embraced the utilization of the social model for managing individuals with psychological wellness issues and have added to the improvement of a scope of approaches that are all encompassing, enabling and network situated in approach (Brand et a l, 2008, p 3 to 7.Apart fro

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Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed I Must Interview with the Admissions Committee!

Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed I Must Interview with the Admissions Committee! After submitting your MBA application, you endure weeks of nervous anticipation before ideally being invited to interview. You then start to prepare for the interview, ready to prove yourself to the admissions committee. You take your tour, sit in on a class, and head to the admissions office only to findâ€"gasp!â€"a second-year MBA student waiting to interview you! You think, “This school must not take me seriously as a candidate. I must be in some second tier that it really does not care about!” If you encounter this situation, take a deep breath and reconsider. What is the admissions committee’s job? Quite simply, the committee strives to find the best candidates for its program. So whether you interview with a member of the committee, an alumnus/alumna, or a student, your interview will be considered equally. Why would an admissions committee put a huge group of candidates at a disadvantage? What would be the point of interviewing an applicant if the admissions committee did not consider its school’s alumni reliable interviewers? Why would the committee solicit the help of students if it sincerely believed those individuals were not capable of rendering an appropriate judgment? All this is to say that if you find yourself on campus and being interviewed by someone other than an admissions committee member, do not worry. Maintain your focus, and remember that your story and your ability to connect with your interviewer are what truly matter in your interview. Share ThisTweet Admissions Myths Destroyed Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed I Must Interview with the Admissions Committee! After submitting your MBA application, you endure weeks of nervous anticipation before ideally being invited to interview. You then start to prepare for the interview, ready to prove yourself to the admissions committee. You take your tour, sit in on a class, and head to the admissions office only to findâ€"gasp!â€"a second-year MBA student waiting to interview youâ€"and he is wearing jeans! You wonder, “This school must not take me seriously as a candidate. I must be in some second tier that it really does not care about!” Take a deep breath and reconsider. What is the MBA admissions committee’s job? Quite simply, the committee strives to find the best candidates for its program. So whether you interview with a member of the committee, an alumnus/alumna, or a student, your interview will be considered equally . Why would an admissions committee put a huge group of candidates at a disadvantage? What would be the point of interviewing an applicant if the admissions committee did not find its school’s alumni to be reliable interviewers? Why would the committee solicit the help of students if it sincerely believed those individuals were not capable of rendering an appropriate judgment? So, if you find yourself on campus and are interviewed by someone other than an admissions committee member, do not worry, and maintain your focus. Remember that your story and your ability to connect with your interviewer are what truly matter in your interview. Share ThisTweet Admissions Myths Destroyed Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed I Must Interview with the Admissions Committee! After submitting your MBA application, you endure weeks of nervous anticipation before ideally being invited to interview. You then start to prepare for the interview, ready to prove yourself to the admissions committee. You take your tour, sit in on a class, and head to the Admissions Office only to findâ€"gasp!â€"a second-year MBA student waiting to interview you! You think, “This school must not take me seriously as a candidate. I must be in some second tier that it really does not care about!” If you encounter this situation, take a deep breath and reconsider. What is the admissions committee’s job? Quite simply, the committee strives to find the best candidates for its program. So whether you interview with a member of the committee, an alumnus/alumna, or a student, your interview will be considered equally. Why would an admissions committee put a huge group of candidates at a disadvantage? What would be the point of interviewing an applicant if the admissions committee did not consider its school’s alumni reliable interviewers? Why would the committee solicit the help of students if it sincerely believed those individuals were not capable of rendering an appropriate judgment? All this is to say that if you find yourself on campus and being interviewed by someone other than an admissions committee member, do not worry. Maintain your focus, and remember that your story and your ability to connect with your interviewer are what truly matter in your interview. Share ThisTweet Admissions Myths Destroyed

Essay on Compare and Contrast Macbeth Lady Macbeth

Compare and Contrast: Macbeth Lady Macbeth In the play Macbeth, ambition, strength, and insanity play major roles in how the characters Macbeth and Lady Macbeth behave and react. Both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth present all 3 of these behaviors at one time or another during the play. However, there behaviors progress in very different ways. While Macbeth gets stronger and more ambitious, Lady Macbeth does the opposite. She starts out strong and ambitious, but becomes weaker and more reserved. In the beginning of the play Macbeth is cautious and somewhat suspicious of the witches. He only starts to really think of the idea that they might be telling him the truth when they hail him as the thane of Cawdor, which shortly after, he receives†¦show more content†¦It takes a lot of time, and coaxing from Lady Macbeth, in order for Macbeth to be able to gather up enough courage to kill Duncan which shows that he is still weak and lacking ambition. Although Lady Macbeth is still stronger and more ambitious than Macbeth the killing of Duncan is the point where the gap starts to narrow. She calls Macbeth a coward when he tries to back out of the plan and is the driving force that causes Macbeth to kill Duncan. She also shows strength when Macbeth returns from the murder and she tells him These deeds must not be thought after these ways. So, it will make us mad. But when she has to go kill the guards she starts to lose some of her composure. Upon return to their room Lady Macbeth is just as shook up as Macbeth. This shows how Lady Macbeth is mostly talk and starts to weaken when the murders begin and the pressure sets in. Near the end of the play Macbeth surpasses Lady Macbeth in ambition, strength, and insanity. He hires people to kill his best friend, Banquo and his son Fleance, because he doesnt want the rest of the prophecy to come true. However, Fleance escapes meaning the rest of the prophecy can come true. After hiring hit men to kill Banquo he hallucinates again and sees Banquos ghost at the dinner table. He then proceeds to have Macduffs family killed by murderers just to get back at Macduff for fleeing the country. Macbeths peak ambition and strength comes at the end ofShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth, The King Of Scotland944 Words   |  4 Pagescharacter Macbeth is what leads Shakespeare’s play to success. The connection between both the historical version and a play version is known to be extraordinary. The imagination to take one character and twist his history is fascinating in every aspect leading readers to know more about the play. Shakespeare’s portrayal of the tragedy Macbeth compares and contrasts to the historical biography of Macbeth as the king of Scotland. Shakespeare’s play version of how Macbeth came to power contrasts from theRead MoreMental Insanity In Macbeth And Hamlet By William Shakespeare952 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare uses insanity to contrast characters in his tragedies. Shakespeare often uses stress as a trigger to spiral his characters into this state of mind. Shakespeare’s tragedies Macbeth and Hamlet both contain characters that experience a great deal of stress and fall into mental unrest. This mental unrest or insanity is a device used by Shakespeare for contrasting imagery of characterization. The contrast of mental illness with mental wellness within these tragedies is shown in multipleRead MoreThe Struggle between Good and Evil; in Macbeth Essay1022 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth is without a doubt a play about evil. The play revolves around the bad and wicked qualities in human nature, but Shakespeare also contrasts this evil with the power of good. In this essay I will explore the way s in which Shakespeare contrasted good and evil in Macbeth. These contradictions start in the very beginning of the play, with the witches. In line 12, the witches say, â€Å"Fair is foul and foul is fair.† This is interesting as they are suggesting good and evil as being one. The witches’Read MoreMacbeth by William Shakespeare1154 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth is a play written by Shakespeare in the 1603; it is based on themes of ambition, power and authority. Macbeth is a tragic hero who becomes ‘Thane of Cawdor’ and meets three witches that predict he will become a king, which leads him to commit the regicide. Rupert Goold and many other directors have altered and interpreted Macbeth in many ways. In this essay I will compare and contrast the ways in which Lady Macbeth is presented in the original play and Gold’s 2010 film adaptation. ShakespeareRead MoreSymbolism that Represents the Theme of Corruption in Shakespeares MacBeth1043 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism in MacBeth Symbolism plays an important role to emphasize the theme of corruption of power in William Shakespeares Macbeth. Throughout the play there are several main symbols repeatedly used to emphasize this theme. The contrast of light and dark representing good and evil, blood representing guilt, murder, and pain, and the archetypal pattern of purification by using water represents removal of guilt, cleansing and peace. Symbolism is used repeatedly to emphasize the theme of corruptionRead More Symbolism In Macbeth1097 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Shakespeares Macbeth, symbolism plays a prominent role to emphasize the theme of corruption of power. Throughout the play there are several main symbols repeatedly used to emphasize this theme. The contrast of light and dark representing good and evil, blood representing guilt, murder, and pain, and the archetypal pattern of purification by using water represents removal of guilt, cleansing and peace. Symbolism is used repeatedly to emphasize th e theme of corruption of power. TheRead MoreDifferences Between Macduff And Lady Macbeth844 Words   |  4 Pagesrestricted to the role of caretaker for their family. In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the essential example of being a woman is Lady Macduff. She cares for her children and will do anything to protect them. Breaking this traditional role is Lady Macbeth who is depicted as unfit for the job of being a mother. She constantly challenges the role of gender through her actions and words. Lady Macduff and Lady Macbeth are designed to contrast each other in order to enhance certain qualities in their character.Read MoreBlood in Macbeth by William Shakespeare621 Words   |  3 Pagesevil actions such as crime or death. Macbeth uses blood as an important symbol used to illustrate the characters feelings and beliefs. One of the primary emotions in the play is guilt. Guilt is a very important emotion throughout the play because it interferes with Macbeth’s morals and ambitions. The audience is able to r elate to Macbeth throughout the play because of his guilt, despite the terrible acts that he has committed. Throughout Shakespeare’s play Macbeth, the reoccurring imagery of blood isRead MoreContrasting Evil and Good in Macbeth Essay examples1656 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay I will look at the ways that Shakespeare has contrasted evil with good in his play Macbeth. The play revolves around the bad and wicked qualities in human nature, but Shakespeare also contrasts this evil with the power of good. This contrast between good and evil is a recurring theme throughout Macbeth. These contradictions start in the very beginning of the play, with the witches. In Act one, Scene one, line 12, the witches say, â€Å"Fair is foul and foul is fair.† This is interestingRead MoreThe Danger Of Unchecked Ambitions1305 Words   |  6 Pagesplay, Macbeth by William Shakespeare, unchecked ambitions awakens evil within characters, allowing them to be compared and contrasted. In the beginning of the play Lady Macbeth is initially presented as a confident yet ruthless individual who lacks concern for the well being of others. Meanwhile, Macbeth, the new Thane of Cawdor is able to maintain loyalty to King Duncan but also Scotland, being a character that easily obtains sympathy from the audience. Therefore, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth can be

The Central Tension Within The Republic Of Plato - 990 Words

Based on the readings from The Republic of Plato, the central tension within the book is identifying the ideal form of guiding individuals either through a persuasive or compulsive path of becoming complete guardians. Through persuasion, those qualified to rule, similar to Adeimantus and Glaucon, are more adequately educated to lead a city than through compulsion. Within this essay, the defining important principle of persuasion that will be explained are listening, exhortation and dialectic. By examining Platos understanding of the importance of persuasion in education, it can be determined that qualified individuals are more adequately educated through an emphasis of persuasion over compulsion. Through his writings, Plato defines with different principles what persuasion is and how it is evidently more important than compulsion when educating complete guardians. In Book II, Plato defines persuasion as being associated with philosophy, the key contributor to a city being willing to change fundamental views for the greater good, when in comparison to not being capable of understanding the truth over politics, described as popular opinion (358a-c). In other words, persuasion evidently plays an important role in the education of the complete guardians because it goes beyond social norms, and instead aspires to find the truth - the ideal philosophical way of leading a city. As described by Plato, those who become complete guardians are born with the capability of developingShow MoreRelatedPlato s View On Justice And Human Nature991 Words   |  4 Pagesshould want to live in. Central to this debate is the difference between realist and normative approaches to the topic. This tension can also be observed within Plato’s own work, for he seemingly contradicts himself manifold within The Republic and Laws on what approach to take. 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PlatosRead MoreThe Republic, By Plato Essay1916 Words   |  8 PagesIn one of his most widely read texts, the Republic, Plato sets out to explore the very nature of the concept of Justice, the various forms it takes in the world, and its relevance to the lives of men. As Socrates states, it is about â€Å"the way we ought to live† (I 352d). The dialogue begins by introducing the commonly held view of justice, via Thrasymachus, Glaucon and Adeimantus, as the non-performance of certain types of unlawful or antisocial acts. However, the entire treatise quickly moves on toRead MoreParmenides and Heraclitus5510 Words   |  23 PagesPaper Cephalus first raises the idea of justice with Socrates and then passes the debate on to his son, Polemarchus, to carry forward. In line with his father s arguments, Polemarchus develops the most basic definition of justice suggested in the Republic. He makes the claim that justice means simply to speak the truth and to give people their proper due; for example, old debts should be repaid. Justice also means treating people in accordance with their essential character. For example, PolemarchusRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Reflections On Violence 4050 Words   |  17 Pagescompilation of Arendt’s meditations on a particular theme. That being said, Arendt does remain consistent in her thinking, although influenced by contemporary events, most notably the Hungarian uprising in 1956. She remains absolutely consistent on the central conceptions of her philosophic thought, among them are a division of human life into three separate realms that she describes as corresponding to the political, the social and the private aspects of human affairs. Arendt remains entrenched in theseRead MoreAn Overview of Modern Philosophies of Education3464 Words   |  14 Pagesstandards or patterns; -- opposed to realism. Idealism is a philosophical approach that has as its central tenet that ideas are the only true reality, the only thing worth knowing. In a search for truth, beauty, and justice that is enduring and everlasting, the focus is on conscious reasoning in the mind. Plato, father of Idealism, espoused this view about 400 years BC, in his famous book, The Republic. Plato believed that there are two worlds. The first is the spiritual or mental world, which is eternalRead MoreLast Report on the Miracles of Little No Horse Essay2005 Words   |  9 Pagesis also secretly torn apart inside with her own identity. This is where music seems to come in and play a major role for her, helping her to deal with life. It seems that her religious background in Catholicism caused her to constantly be at war within herself over her love of this instrument. She saw the piano as something that she thought God would disapprove of in her life. Something that she even thought would bring her to hell. When the devil appeared to her in the form of a dog, the authorRead Morehistory of philosophy5031 Words   |  21 PagesWestern philosophy[edit] Western philosophy  has a long history, conventionally divided into four large eras - the Ancient, Medieval, Modern, and Contemporary. The Ancient era runs through the fall of Rome and includes the Greek philosophers such as  Plato  and  Aristotle. The Medieval period runs until roughly the late 15th century and the  Renaissance. The Modern is a word with more varied use, which includes everything from Post-Medieval through the specific period up to the 20th century. ContemporaryRead MoreHistory of Theatre Lesson Notes Essay5401 Words   |  22 Pagesrelatively static after a period of dynamisms and these ten to establish and perpetuate ritualized conventions that alter little over centuries of time. Western myth-dominant concern is the relationship between two types of beings-god and humans-and the tension between the roles assigned to each, world came to be seen primarily from the human point of view-as a place of conflict, change, and progress-with humanity as the princ ipal agent both for good and evil. Eastern myth-people seek to transcend temporalRead More Allegory in Edward Albees The American Dream Essay3652 Words   |  15 Pagesbe to clarify how Grandmas character and experience bear most of the meaning of the American Dream that Albee wants to communicate in this play. As we shall see, that meaning fits squarely within the mainstream American humanist tradition stretching back to the early, idealistic years of the American republic. Even though she is a physical disaster, many critics have noticed various kinds of attractive qualities in Grandma. Don D. Moore finds her the most appealing, the most refreshing and the

Essay about Existence of Free Will - 1661 Words

Existence of Free Will Existence of free will is often argued from introspection. Freedom means choice. Since I chose to write this paper and I could have chosen otherwise, I am free in writing this paper. However, to establish that I could have chosen otherwise, proving that I felt that I could have chosen otherwise is not enough: One must also prove that my choice is the original cause of my motives to write this paper. According to compatibilists, your action is free if the immediate cause of the action are your thoughts, there is no coercion, no duress (physical or mental), and your thoughts satisfy a certain condition on freedom, which varies depending on the compatibilist. If that is used as definition of freedom, then my†¦show more content†¦Moreover, the only way to show existence of possibilities is through choices and randomness, so if the world is deterministic, there is no evidence that the world can possibly be anything but what it is; deciding what is possible would be a matter of convention and not reality. In a deterministic world, choosing to do otherwise is as impossible as choosing for 2+2 to equal five: Under no circumstance does any person has any choice. Rejection of determinism, however, is insufficient for free will. Mere randomness does not amount to freedom since it is indistinguishable whether the randomness is generated now or one million years ago. Postulating a free agent is not sufficient either, because of the following argument: Suppose that whenever you act, you act a particular way solely because of the way you are except for the external factors or randomness. At this moment, you cannot change what you are at this moment since at any given time you are what you are at that time. The external factors are also what they are--they can change with time, but we are analyzing them at the time you make the choice. If an outcome is random, you cannot choose it either. If you had chosen to act otherwise, then since your choice is based solely on yourself, external factors, and randomness, these factors would be different from what they are. Since you cannot change these factors, you cannot choose to act otherwise. For a choice t o be genuine,Show MoreRelatedReflection On The Existence Of Free Will1135 Words   |  5 PagesI. Conceptual Clarification â€Å"Causality† - Causality, within the context of determining the existence of free will, is the â€Å"causal link [that] determines what the future looks like.† (Rauhut, 82) In other words, it is the relationship between two or more events, in which an action is caused or influenced by a prior event. For example, within the context of my â€Å"big decision,† I am choosing between getting a traditional job or selling artwork. The causality within this scenario exists in that IRead MoreThe Debate Over The Existence Of Free Will1228 Words   |  5 PagesThe debate over the existence of free will is possibly one of the most important discussions of human nature. Insight into this debate holds vast ethical, legal and political implications. In my experience, those who are not familiar with the topic often conflate free will for consciousness, and impetuously accept the existence of free will. Free will is defined as the freedom of humans to make choices that ar e not determined by prior physical causes. Those who believe in free will thus ascribe aRead MoreThe Issue Over The Existence Of Free Will Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesBackground The up and coming fields of neuroscience and neuropsychology have the potential to break a seemingly everlasting stalemate on the debate over the existence of free will. Breaking away from a purely theoretical approach to discussing a philosophical question could shed some light into our greatest existential dilemmas. German philosopher Martin Heidegger himself said, â€Å"we ourselves are entities to be analyzed,† and that seems ever so fitting for the investigation into consciousness. AlthoughRead MoreDeterminism Vs. Indeterminism And The Existence Of Free Will2943 Words   |  12 PagesThough there is no singular definition of ‘free will’, the standard argument against it is the dilemma between determinism/indeterminism and the fact that these two concepts threaten the prospect or the existence of free will. Determinism is the basic philosophical principle that every event, including human decisions and actions, are the imminent consequence of prior events. St rict determinism would argue that free will does not exist due to the fact that our previous actions or past events, determineRead MoreDeterminism And Free Will Essay1518 Words   |  7 PagesDeterminism and Free Will When the topic of metaphysics is mentioned, focus shifts to philosophical perspectives that give an explanation of the fundamental nature of being or existence and the universe that encompasses both. Metaphysics often seeks to answer basic questions, such as what is there and what is it like. One of the key branches of metaphysics is ontology, which refers to the philosophical study of the nature of existence, being, reality, or becoming. The significant ontologicalRead MoreJean-Paul Sartre’s Philosophy: Radical Freedom and Responsibility 1253 Words   |  6 Pagesmean when I say that man is condemned to be free† (Sartre 32). Radical freedom and responsibility is the central notion of Jean-Paul Sartre’s philosophy. However, Sartre himself raises objections about his philosophy, but he overcomes these obvious objections. In this paper I will argue that man creates their own essence through their choices and that our values and choices are important because th ey allow man to be free and create their own existence. I will first do this by explaining Jean-PaulRead MoreThe Existence Of Evil By Blackburn Theory1264 Words   |  6 Pages In Blackburn theory I am going to argue that his theory the existence of evil strongly suggests that there does not exist a God who is all-good, all-knowing and all-powerful to be false. In my argument I will try to present facts that show the existence of God and why there is evil. Exposition: 313 In Blackburn’s argument he basically mentions that because there is evil in the world there is no existence of a present creator. It is impossible to see the suffering that’s goingRead MoreThe Existence Of Evil Within The World Created By A Good God1004 Words   |  5 PagesThe existence of evil in a world created by a good God Introduction It is by divine design that evil can exist in a world created by a good God. Evil would not exist if God did not will it into existence. Balance is also a major factor as to why evil has been brought into reality. Chinese philosophy of Ying and Yang has a great principle that states â€Å"that all things exist as inseparable and contradictory opposites (Cartwright, 2012).† Good cannot be recognized without the recognition of evil andRead More The Problem of Evil Disproved by the Free Will Defense Essay1059 Words   |  5 PagesThe Problem of Evil Disproved by the Free Will Defense The Problem of Evil states that because evil exists the existence of a tri-omni being, which we typically refer to as God, is impossible. This argument, if proved to be true, would refute the Cosmological Argument for God’s Existence. The Cosmological Argument states that not every being can be a dependent being without infinite regress (which is believed to be impossible), so there exists a tri-omni self dependent being knownRead MoreRejection of Existentialism Essays837 Words   |  4 Pagesthe belief that existence precedes essence. To help illustrate his point he presents the example of a paper knife, an object that possess a set of qualities that enable it to carry out its purpose. He states that it would not have been created without a particular purpose, therefore its essence precedes its existence. (Sartre) Sartre rejects this idea when it comes to mankind and declares that humans in themselves have no nature and define themselves after coming into ex istence. This stems from

Management Organizational Behavior- Apple free essay sample

If there is a survey about which business you believe is the most valuable and has most revolutionary influence on the society last ten years, it must be true that most of the people will choose Apple. From some professional evaluation about Apple, it describes Apple as an enterprise which has ability to take over the world one bite at a time and is already doing it. As of July 2011, Apple is the largest publicly traded company in the world by market capitalization with 357 retail stores in ten countries and 60,400 permanent full-time employees and 2,900 temporary full-time employees around the world. At the same time, its revenue and profit is more than Google and Microsoft combined, and its annual revenue is totaled $65 billion in 2010 and is growing to $108 billion in 2011 miraculously. Apple not only is one of the most successful enterprises in the world nowadays, but also already is a creative, miraculous and revolutionary company which is founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne on April 1, 1976 during its starting stage. Apple’s organizational mission is providing products which are innovative leadership and needed for consumers. Obviously, Apple already achieves its mission perfectly by creating its unprecedented products like iPod, iPhone, iPad, and iMac. Actually, what Apple achieves must connect with its organizational culture, management and structure. All of these factors link with each others closely and influence entire performance as well as operation. Its creative culture is implementing in every position in the company and provide a mass of inspire to let employees think and create differently. Also, its open and flexible management as well as structure enable every outstanding inspire can be applied, which will stimulate free creation and inspire by employees. Apple’s management focuses on trusting employees and creating a productive environment with Apples Values. Although Apple already is a legendary business, it’s impossible for it to avoid the influence by internal issues and external issues. The latest and the most serious internal issue must be the quit and death of Steve Jobs, which reflects that Steve Jobs’s generation is ended and Apple will step into a new stage. Apple not only is losing a top CEO who has top managerial ability as well as experience and excellent partnerships in the technology industry, but also a hero, a symbol and a culture in the entire business. Also, the signal problem of some iPhone reflects the quality of Apple’s products and designs are not good enough, which brings about the trust crisis of consumers and investors. It also is harm the organizational reputation and image which are famous of high quality and outstanding design. At the same time, Apple’s operation is affected by the external competition a lot. As the developing of Android, Samsung and Motorola are gaining more and more market share from Apple, and those companies already can follow the steps of Apple. More and more consumers of Apple are starting to accept the other brands’ products, and they believe the other brands can replace Apple well and ever better than it. Apple’s situation is not so perfect as most of people’s opinion. However, Apple’s organizational management still is an outstanding example for most of the business in the world, and worth to learn about it. The reason why Apple enterprise is able to keep on developing its excellent operating and management is that Apple builds a mature system of organizational culture, design and structure. These three elements influence entire business system which includes all the employees. For the organizational culture, many experts believe a strong or weak culture can determine a business is successful or not. And it includes three levels which are behavior, values and beliefs and assumptions. Obviously, Apple is an enterprise with a very strong organizational culture which makes employees recognize the shared assumptions, values and beliefs. According to Don Reisinger’s article from internet, it states that Apple’s corporate cultures are focusing on design, believing Apple is better than all others and believing in Jobs. In technological market, Apple is famous, as it cares more about the design of the products more than other companies. Apple encourages its employees actively share their opinions and inspires, which can create an explicit direction for employees’ assumptions, values and beliefs, and behavior. At the same time, this corporate culture allows employees communicate and cooperate easier, and their consensus can be reached easily. By stimulating creative inspires, Apple can collect a mass of inspires from its employees and select which one can be most suitable. Therefore, Apple always can create some unique products which are able to meet the desires and wants of the consumers. At the same time, Apple’s culture leads employees to believe Apple is better than all the others. Actually, it provides confidence to employees, which can stimulate employees’ creation and develop their opinions. Lastly, the most important one is the complete trust in Jobs who s the founder and the brain of Apple. According to the definition of organizational culture, it states that organizational culture can be represented by heroes, stories, slogans, symbols and ceremonies. In Apple, Steve Jobs himself is a hero and savior, as he revives Apple’s aging business model, innovates products which are beyond all expectations and builds successful strategic partnership with others. Also, what he does in Apple is the lege ndary stories for all the employees, which can provide clear model to motivate their attitudes. For instance, Jobs told his employees that â€Å"Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It is best to admit them quickly, and get on with improving your other innovations. † This speech can encourage employees to innovate fearlessly. In addition, Apple’s cultures not only affect its employees, but also its consumers who believe Apple’s design, quality and reputation. At the same time, the effect of organizational design and structure provide more continuous vitality to Apple for facing the developing marketable environment. Actually, organizational design refers to the systemic process of reshaping organizational structures and roles for improving efficiency of enterprise. And it must consider some contingency factors like environment, production technology, strategy, and size of the organization. With the consideration of these contingency factors, organization needs to select the types of departmentalization which refers to the grouping of related activities into units. In Apple, it applies functional and geographic departmentalization. In functional way, Tim Cook who is the current CEO in Apple has the most powerful authority and management directly different functional departments like design, finance, and software. Each functional department has its specific power and responsibility. For instance, the department of finance is focusing on the control of cost and risk, and the department of design is focusing on the exterior design of products. Also, Apple applies geographic departmentalization which refers to establish separate unites in each area where the organization does business. Departmentalizing in the geographic way is fit for most large companies especially global companies like Apple. In Apple, CEO is in the top level and has most of the authority like the other departmentalization. The second level is the departments which are responsible for different regions like department in America, Europe, and Pacific region. And these territory departments have their specific and lower departments. For instance, there will be department of Japan, Australia and Far East under department in Pacific region. In summary, the organizational structure of Apple is meeting its strategic objective that CEO is the centre and other departments are working around him. Also, the design and structure allow Apple’s corporate culture become more effective. Organizational design, structure and culture which are three key elements in Apple are actually linking together closely, and have chain effect. Therefore, it’s necessary to maintain all of them working in a stable and compatible status for enabling Apple keep on growing in the highly competitive market. However, only having those outstanding marco-organizational elements is not enough for this large and global enterprise to gain more competitive advantage, as the excellent internal management also is importantly required. For the managers in different departments, the basic functions are planning, organizing, leading and controlling well, which can be the indicators reflect whether a organization has excellent internal management or not. In Apple which has more than 60,000 employees around the world, it must be a challenge for managers to direct and possess employees well. Although Apple has successful advantage of quality and numbers of employees, how to manage unavoidable conflict and motivate employees well is a difficult problem for managers. Conflicts in organizations can be classified into intrapersonal, interpersonal, intragroup, and intergroup. Conflict is needed to understand and diagnose correctly by managers, as it will bring about some serious negative effects like insubordination, lack of direction and even organizational fragmentation. When most of the companies face internal conflict, they always want to achieve peace by deliberating on the common points connecting the two conflicting people or groups. Specially, Apple not only uses this way to manage conflict, but also apply the open confrontation which refers to the conflicting people or groups are allowed to discuss frankly and confront each other unswervingly, as Apple believes the conflicting people or groups are just aiming to help organization to gain the most profit. At the same time, the way of motivate employees in Apple plays a key role for creating a top employee team in the world. Apple always provides clear vision and direction for employees to follow, so that employees can recognize what they need to do clearly. Unlike other large enterprises, as Apple builds excellent employee relations and communications, which are not limited by the level of employees, employees’ personal vision and opinion can easily communicate with others. Also, Apple is an enterprise which needs so much inspires and creative ideas, so that it need employees to keep on creating. In Apple, if you can provide an outstanding inspire or creation no matter which level of employee you are, you will be the hero in the company. By motivating, employees in Apple always are working in an active and creative status. For someone who wants to be an outstanding manager, the management in Apple must be a successful example to study and understand. A clear and practical managerial vision must be defined before doing anything else, and a manager must recognize the effect and result after applying his or her management. The managerial objective is at the centre of the managerial system, and the organizational culture, design and structure are built around the objective. For the organizational design and structure, both of them should be built base on the actual situation of enterprise and the industry environment. For the successful organizational culture, it should be contagious for the employees, with organizational characteristics, creative and ability to spread the culture to consumers. For the managerial functions, managers should pay equal attention on planning, organizing, leading and controlling, and should not ignore the importance of one of them. Especially, managers must understand that only focus on the external management like analyzing the industry environment is not enough. They must recognize the role of human resource management in the organization, as how to motivate employees well and deal with organizational conflict correctly can become significant advantages of the enterprise in current industry environment. In summary, current outstanding managers should be able to provide comprehensive help and support to the organization instead of one-sided. For the recommendations of Apple, the managerial are can be keep on improving. First, the latent fight of authority which will affect the harmonious balance situation and the entire performance seriously should be recognize and prevent at once after the quit of Steve Jobs. Second, Apple should understand the quit of past CEO will bring about change of the organizational structure and access the result of it. Lastly, the corporate culture which believes Apple is the best should be improved, as over spreading this culture may be negative to the employees’ attitude and performance like being arrogant and underestimating competitors. In general, every employee in Apple should have comprehensive understand of the influence by the quit of Steve Jobs. At the same time, maintaining the company in a stable and harmonious status is a basis element for fighting with other companies and keeping organization advantages. Apple must never misestimate the power from management, so that it still able to keep its top place in the world.

Complex Learning Task Essays - Educational Psychology,

Complex Learning Task: The Holistic Approaches The Whole-Task Approach Our textbook, Trends and issues in instructional design and technology (Reiser How does this differ from other design methods? Many instructional design approaches are atomistic, where ?. . . complex contents and tasks are reduced into simpler elements? (p 73). This approach does not naturally lead to transfer of the skill set to the real world. A holistic approach, which takes a whole-task approach to a problem, allows and encourages students to ?. . . learn and transfer professional competences or complex cognitive skills to an increasingly varied set of real-world contexts and settings? (p 73). Scaffolding Learning tasks that connect to a complex task is scaffolding. Without going back to an atomistic approach, students learn tasks, known as constituent skills, over several lessons. All of these constituent skills ?need to be coordinated and controlled by higher-level strategies from the beginning of the training program? (p 76). By creating learning opportunities for each constituent skill, the teacher will provide the learners with: ?. . . all possible conditions that simplify the performance of the task? (p 76). Mathemagenic This approach stresses the ?transfer of learning? (p 76). It allows students to experience a ?variability of practice? as well as a ?random sequencing of learning tasks? (p 77). Also, when using this instructional design approach, common testing methods which have ?test items that correspond to objectives? (p 76) are not important. The Question Considering the definitions discussed above, application question #2 from Chapter 8 asks: ?Identify a complex learning task. Briefly describe how you might use the whole-task approach, scaffolding, and mathemagenic methods to help students learn to perform that task? (p 80). The Complex Task Making Geometry come alive for students is not a problem when they are engaged in my Geometric Cities project. Over a period of six weeks, students worked collaboratively to design, build, decorate, and describe their cities. Created to represent different geometric shapes, the colorful and textured buildings were sited on a plywood base. The buildings were made from geo foam boards or heavy duty cardboard boxes. During the six weeks, students created a blue print of the city and a blue print of their own individual buildings. After the buildings were constructed, a history of the city had to be written. This complex task definitely had many constituent skills that have transfer value to other academic areas and real-world careers. The Project The Geometric Cities project was designed to be a cross-curricular project, using math, science, English, art, and woodworking. Technology was introduced to create the blueprints and research, using AutoCAD and wireless laptops. Prior to beginning the actual project, the class learned about team building skills. They learned about how to work well in a group, including how to handle conflict, respect one another?s opinions, and focus on completing the task. The project was designed to be completed using a group of three students, who have specific roles to fulfill. These roles included leader, secretary, and designer. Depending on what task the class was focusing on, the roles changed weekly, which met the ?variability of practice? (p 77) feature of the mathemagenic approach. The groups were formed based on learning styles, mixing different styles together. It was important to include a visual learner along with the other two students in each group, since the final visual impression of the geometric city was important. To begin the project, the students viewed a video on polygons and how they are used in the real world. Students saw many examples of geometric shapes, such as the Louvre Museum?s new pyramid-shaped entrance and the Golden Gate Bridge. This video represented the knowledge base and the inspiration to approach the task. To determine whether they comprehended this knowledge, they had to design an actual building on paper. After verifying that students understood the nature of designing a building, they could begin constructing their individual buildings. These initial components aligned with scaffolding, since ?learners start their training with the simplest version of the whole task? (p 76). Students were required to find the formulas that related to determining the surface area of their buildings? shapes. Each building could contain more than one shape, necessitating more than one formula.

Planning an Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign

Planning an Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign Situation Analysis Athletic footwear industry is very much concentrated (Eric 2006). The industry consists of a large number of smaller and segmented players. One of the key characteristics which define the industry is the purpose and price of the shoes. However, there is a given degree of overlap amongst the various shoe categories especially with regard to casual wear and performance shoes.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Planning an Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, a considerable proportion of individuals wear athletic shoes in non-athletic settings. This is an indication that there is a potential for an increment in the size of the market for athletic shoes. Currently, large firms dominate the athletic shoe industry account for 95% of the entire market while small firms account for only 5%. Some of the key competitor s in the industry includes Adidas, Nike, Reebok, Puma, Skechers, Van, K-Swiss, Asics, Saucony and New Balance (Eric 2006). Nike Incorporation is the leading firm within the athletic footwear industry. The firm deals with designing and marketing various a variety of athletic footwear. Nike Air Max is one of the leading athletic footwear produced by the company. The product is effectively designed to appeal the consumer. Nike Air Max has an air cushioning and an innovative foam cushioning. This makes it to be effective with regard to impact absorbing. A thin plate is sandwiched between the cushioning systems to ensure effective support of the feet (Loscher 2006). The price of a pair of Nike Air Max shoes varies from $ 99 to $149 for men while ladies shoes range from $99 to $ 119 (Loscher 2006). A significant proportion of consumers consider Nike Air Max to be of high quality and stylish. In 2004, Nike had a market share of 42% as illustrated in the pie chart below. The lucrative nature of the industry in relation to p rofitability has led to a large number of investors venturing the industry. The resultant effect has been an increment in the degree of rivalry. The high degree of rivalry has had a negative effect on the firm as it is evident in the reduction in its market share. In order to attain a high competitive advantage, firms in the athletic footwear industry are adopting various market positioning strategies. One of these strategies relate to formation of mergers and acquisition. For example, in 2003, Nike Incorporation acquired Converse Company.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This was followed by the Reebok and Adidas merge in 2005 (Fried, Shapiro Deschriver 2007). Currently, Nike Incorporation has a market share of 33% of the entire global footwear industry (Cuizon 2009). Company Market share (%) Nike 42 Adidas 27 Puma 6 Reebok 12 New Balance 5 Asi cs 1 K-Swiss 2 Saucony 1 Vans 1 Sketchers 3 The success of a firm in the global market is dependent on a number of macroeconomic factors. These relate to both internal and externla environment. The key external enviroments relate to political, economic, social and technological environment. Political analysis The United States government has developed and implemented effective policies which have played a significant role in the success of Nike athletic brands (Eric 2006). Some of these policies relate to low interest rates, economic stability such as taxation policies and ensuring stability in the currency. This has enabled Nike’s athletic footwear products to be competitive internationally. Economic analyis The athletic footwear industry was adversely affected by the global economic recession. The table below gives an illustration of the change in sales during the period ranging from 2007 to 2009 in the United States. Percentage change on the basis of dollar volume sales Percentage change 2007-2008 Percentage change 2008-2009 Total athletic footwear -3.2 -1.4 Girl’s -5.9 0.6 Boy’s -4.6 1 Men’s 0.4 3.0 Women’s 6.4 0.6 Infant -13.3 -4.8 From the table, it is evident that there was a significant reduction in sales in 2008 compared to 2009. The total sales reduced by 3.2% in 2008 and by 1.4% in 2009 (Boyle 2010). As a result of the 2007 global economic recession, the firm experienced a reduction in its sales which persisted to 2009 as a result of reduction in consumer purchases. The firm’s cost of operation was further driven up by the economic crisis in Asia considering the fact that the firm manufacures its products in Asia.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Planning an Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social analysis Currently, there is a shift in the consumption behavi or amongst the consumers. One of the major trends relate to increased health consciousness. As a result, there has been a significant increase in the number of individuals joining fitness clubs (Eric 2006). The change in consumption behavior has led into an upward shift in demand for various fitness products such as shoes and apparels. This presents a feasible business opportunity for Nike Incorporation to exploit through marketing of Nike Air Max. This arises from the fact that Nike Air Max is specially designed to ensure comfort and flexibility of the consumer. Technology analysis In the 21st century, there has been an increment in the rate of technological innovation. This has led into transformation of businesses in various economic sectors (Eric 2006). In an effort to attain a high competitive advantage, Nike Incorporation has integrated information technology in its operation. Some of the areas in which this has been applied relate to production, marketing and distribution. Wi th regard to marketing, this has been achieved through incorporation of Marketing Information Systems. This has enabled the firm to attain a high competitive edge compared to its competitors. Internal Analysis SWOT analysis Strengths High competitiveness through effective sponsoring of sports especially athletics. Effective operation via adoption of a lean organization strategy. Nike Incorporation own buildings or manufacturing workers. This enables the firm to be flexible in its production processes. The firm has a strong research and development team which enables the firm to be innovative. The firm has attained publicity globally thus enabling it to market its products effectively on a global scale. Weaknesses Despite the fact that the firm has diversified its products, athletic footwear products are the major source of income. This means that the firm’s strength is vulnerable if its market share of footwear products is eroded. The firm has been greatly criticized o ver incidences of underpayment, child labor and overworking its employees. Opportunities There is a high probability of Nike improving its market share through new product development. The firm can increase its profitability by venturing into new market segments such as selling Jewelry and sunglasses. High probability of developing its business internationally by venturing into markets in emerging economies such as China. Threats Considering the fact that the company operates on an international scale, the firm is exposed to numerous risks such as exchange rate fluctuations and economic recession which may lead into loss. Athletic footwear industry is very competitive. Competitors are increasingly developing products aimed at capturing a proportion of Nike’s market share. Consumers have become very price sensitive. Objectives Communication objectives Varey (2002) posits that the success of every firm is dependent on the effectiveness with which the firm has estab lished a relationship with the consumers. Currently, there has been an increment in the degree of similarity amongst various product categories with regard to performance, design and price which are the core benefits sought by the consumers. As a result, it has become vital for firm’s to draw consumer’s attention. One of the ways through which this can be achieved is by marketing communication (Egan 2007). According to Masterman and Wood (2006), setting communication objective is vital in the marketing communication process. This arises from the fact that objectives act as keystone upon which the firm sets the direction and limits of the strategic decisions.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Considering the competitive nature of the industry, Nike Incorporation intends to increases awareness of its Nike Air Max with a margin of 25% within a period of one year. Awareness of Nike Air Max will be made across consumers of varying demographics. In order to attain this, the firm intends to create intense awareness of its Nike Air Max shoe. Some of the key consideration in the communication process is to create global awareness amongst potential consumers on the characteristics of the Nike Air Max. Through effective communication, it will be possible for the firm to influence consumers in their decision making process. This arises from the fact that the communication will not only be informative but also persuasive. Market share Through communication, the firm intends to increase the size of its overall market share from its current level of 33% to 50% within a period of one year. According to the latest report released in August 2010, Nike had a market share of 62% amongst th e athletics footwear products (Nike Sneaker 2010). Through its Nike Air Max market communication campaign, the firm intends to increase its market share with a margin of 20%. This will be achieved by selling the product to new customer categories and by venturing into new markets. The firm also intends to increase the volume of its Nike Air Max athletic shoes with a margin of 15% within two months. Effect on Competition It is the firm’s objective to attain a high competitive edge with regard to creating product awareness. The firm intends to be ranked as the most effective with regard to brand promotion. As a result of brand promotion, the firm will be able to communicate to the consumers on the benefits associated with consuming the product. In addition, it will be possible for the firm to influence consumers’ attitude towards Nike Air Max. Marketing communication will ensure that consumers associate the product with high value which will play a significant role in re ducing the intensity of competition that Nike Air Max is currently facing from other athletics footwear products. According to O’Guinn, Allen and Semenik (2008), effective brand promotion through market communication campaign can result into consumers developing confidence that they are receiving value for their money. Target The success of a market communication process is dependent on the effectiveness with which the right audience have been identified (Shah 2009). The target audience refers to whom the firm intends to communicate to (Jobber 2007). In marketing communication planning, various audiences are identified depending on the target markets. Identifying the target audience is vital in market communication process. This arises from the fact that the proper identification of the target audience has a direct impact on the effectiveness of the marketing communication. Considering the fact that marketing communication planning is aimed at stimulating sales of a particula r product, selecting the target audience is paramount in influencing the consumers’ decision making process (Kodish Pettegrew 2008). For example, in a family setting, the father has an upper hand in making decision regarding the purchase of electronic products. This means that firms marketing electronic products would consider the father as the core target audience (Shah 2009). To be effective in targeting the audience, various descriptive variables should be put into consideration. Some of the variables relate to demographics, lifestyle, geographics and psychographics. In addition, benefit sought and usage as the core behavioral variables should also be put into consideration (Koekemoer Bird 2004). In marketing Nike Air Max, Nike Incorporation uses both genders (male and female) in identifying its target audience. This has enabled the firm to design and develop Nike Air Max footwear which meets the demand of the customers of varying ages. Apart from using demographic varia bles in targeting its audience for Nike Air Max, Nike Incorporation also targets consumers who are style conscious. In the process of targeting, developing and marketing Nike Air Max, the firm’s marketing department also puts greater emphasis on consumers who consider enhancing their image. The change in consumer behavior presents a feasible market opportunity considering the fact that the change is not only amongst the non athletics consumers but also athletic consumers. Nike Incorporation has also incorporated institutional consumers such as athletic clubs as a part of its target audience. Developing the strategy In order for Nike Incorporation to be effective in marketing Nike Air Max, the firm’s management team has incorporated the concept of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) (Pickton Broderick 2005). Decision to incorporate IMC arose from the fact that the firm intends to create awareness of Nike Air Max to diverse customer categories. In its IMC strategy, Nike Incorporation has integrated both traditional and emerging market communication strategies. Some of the traditional market communication strategies that the firm’s management team has considered incorporating include advertising, public relations, sales promotion and direct marketing. According to O’Guin, Allen and Semenik (2008) advertising creates value in a product by instilling a positive perception amongst the consumers. In its advertising strategy, the firm has makes use of various mediums such as television, radio and use of print media such as magazines and newspapers. Outdoor advertising is also used through incorporation of billboards which are strategically located. The firm uses the simple and catchy ‘Just do it’ slogan and the Nike Swoosh in all its advertisements. Use of the logo and the slogan has contributed towards the consumers developing a positive attitude towards Nike Air Max. According to Cashmore (2009), the swoosh logo has ove r the years been associated with victory. Considering the fact that the firm targets institutional consumers as part of its core customers, the firm’s management team has integrated direct marketing so as to be effective in marketing Nike Air Max amongst these consumers. Through direct marketing, Nike Incorporation marketing department is able to identify and develop a relationship with the institution’s decision making unit thus influencing its decision making process. In an effort to develop a positive public image, Nike Incorporation has integrated public relations. This is achieved through sponsoring various sports. In marketing Nike Air Max brand, Nike Incorporation has integrated the concept of sports sponsorship. According Arnis and Cornwell (2005), Nike Incorporation has been able to venture into new markets through sports sponsorship. For example, in an effort to venture the Australian market, Nike sponsored Shane Warne who is a national cricketer. This enable d the firm to develop an affiliation with the Austrian culture hence creating an edge in marketing its products in Australia. Sales promotion in form of price and quantity discounts is also integrated in marketing Nike Air Max. In order to create product awareness to a large number of customers, Nike Incorporation has integrated emerging market communication technologies (Doren, Fechner Green 2000). Some of these tools include use of the internet marketing through inclusion of Nike Air Max in the firm’s website. In addition, the firm has also incorporated social communication networks such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and You Tube. The firm will also enter into a contract with search engines such as Google and Yahoo. Through the contract, the firm will be able to post Nike Air Max in the search engine. Use of search engines and social communication networks will enable a wide number of consumers to be informed about Nike Air Max. Budget To ensure the success of the marketin g communication campaign, the firm’s management team has set a substantial amount of money in its marketing budget. The table below gives an illustration of the estimated cost. Cost item Amount in $ Advertising -Print media (Newspaper, Magazines, Bill boards) Athletics sponsorship 500,000 Internet marketing (use of Google and Yahoo) 450,000 Social networks (YouTube,Facebook,Twitter,MySpace) 1,000,000 Estimated cost 1,950,000 Evaluation Over the past three years, Nike Incorporation has experienced an increment in its net income. The firm’s financial year ends on 31st May every year. During the 2008-2009 financial years, the firm witnessed a reduction in its net income as a result of its financial year. However, this trend was negated during its 2009-201 financial year. The table below gives an illustration of the firm’s financial performance over the past four years. All figures are in million dollars. Item 2010 2009 2008 2007 Total a sales r evenue $ 19,014. 0 19,176.1 18,627.0 16,325.9 Total cost of revenue 10,213.6 , 10,571.7 10,239.6 9,165.4 Gross profit 8,800.4 8,604.4 8,387.4 7,160.5 Operating Income 2,516.9 1,956.5 2,502.9 2,199.9 Net Profit before profit 2,516.9 1,956.5 2,502.9 2,199.9 Income tax 610.2 469.8 619.5 708.4 Net Profit after tax 1,906.7 1,486.7 1,883.4 1,491.5 Upon implementing the market communication campaign, the firm’s management team will conduct continuous evaluation on its effectiveness. Considering the fact that it is challenging to measure communication, the firm’s marketing department will evaluate the changes in its sales revenue. This will aid in the determination of whether the campaign is successful with regard to sales enhancement. Reference List Arnis, J. Cornwell, B., 2005. Global sports sponsorship. London: Berg Publishers. Boyle, B., 2010. NPD reports on athletic footwear and sports apparel market. ( Online). Available at: npd.com/press/releases/press_1 00310.html . Cashmore, E., 2010. Making sense of sports. New York: Taylor and Francis. Cuizon, G., 2009. Marketing audit of Nike’s strategies. PEST analysis of Nike. Web. Available at: suite101.com/content/marketing-audit-of-nikes-strategies-a94402 . Doren, D., Fechner, D. Green, K. 2000. Promotional strategies on the World Wide Web.  Journal of Marketing Communications. Vol. 6, issue 1 pp. 21-35. Egan, John, 2007. Marketing Communications. London: Thomson Learning Eric, C., 2006. Athletic footwear: industry analysis. Massachusetts: Tufts University. Fried, G., Shapiro, S. Deschriver, T., 2007. Sports finance. London: Human Kinetics. Jobber, D., 2007. Principles and practice of marketing. Berkshire: McGraw-Hill Education. Koekemoer, L. Bird, S. 2004. Marketing communications. New York: Juta and Company Limited. Kodish, S. Pettegrew, L., 2008.Enlightened communication is the key to building relationships. Journal of Relationship Marketing. Vol. 7, issue 2. New York: The Haworth Press. Loscher, A., 2006. Athletic footwear and running injuries. ( Online). Available at: http://andrewloscher.com/ArticlesBlog/tabid/197/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/9/ATHLETIC-FOOTWEAR-AND-RUNNING-INJURIES.aspx . Masterman, G. Wood, E., 2006. Innovative marketing communications: strategies for the  events industry. New York: Butterworth. O’Guinn, T., Allen, C. Semenik, R., 2008. Advertising and integrated brand promotion. New Jersey: Cengage Learning. Nike Sneaker. 2010. Sales report of footwear industry August 2010. Web. Available at: nsneakers.com/2010/09/08/sales-report-of-footwear-industry-august-2010/ . Pickton, D. Broderick, A., 2005. Integrated marketing communications. New York: FT Prentice Hall. Shah, N., 2009. Advertising and promotion. Ottawa: Tata McGraw-Hill. Varey, R., 2002. Marketing communication: principles and practices. New York: Rout ledge.

Imaged Reactions of Robert King to the Interesting Narrative of the Essay

Imaged Reactions of Robert King to the Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah or Gustavus Vassa, the African - Essay Example It has been near Thirty years since I freed Gustavus, and in that time the Evil of the Slave-Trade has been exposed for all of us to see and read, in large part from his Account of his Life. Had I not freed Gustavus, he would not have been available to do this Work of Our Lord and stir the conscience of our Country. I tremble at the thought of the Ways in which Providence’s Work is mysteriously achieved. I am also relieved that my Stewardship has been exposed to the World through this book in a favorable manner, and hope that some measure of forgiveness will be afforded me for my participation in the evil practice of Slave Trading, by showing that I at all times endeavored to treat all of Our Lord’s children with kindness and Mercy. For the first time I have understood the Humanity of Gustavus’ Life in his home of Africa, with those other Children of Our Lord who have been lost, but live in a type of innocence. Gustavus is now doing the Lord’s Work by brin ging His True Word to the heathens in that continent now made more wretched by the Slave-Trade. May they turn away from their Pagan superstitions and find the True Deliverance and comfort that only comes from our Savior. It is mystifying indeed how the Lord has caused His Salvation to reach the primitive peoples of Africa through such trials and Tribulations as those suffered by the Martyrs! It is a strange thought, without a doubt, to learn that our African brothers are descended from the same seed of Abraham, and are still waiting to hear the Word of our Lord. Indeed, as a man of the Sea, I am ashamed to learn of all the wretched conditions on the Slave Ships and the Evil that it has made good Christian men do. Indeed, they are the breeding grounds for Satan’s works. The immorality of kidnapping of children and the sinfulness of the behavior of men for this Inhuman Traffic is shameful to read. I fear the consequences of my actions on the Day when I have to account to my Sav iour, as we all suspected and sometimes even knew that the men we left in charge of our Slaves were committing the gravest acts of immorality, lust, and cruelty, but said nothing as we served Mammon instead of serving our Savior! I had known that Gustavus was a remarkable and valuable Servant, but I did not know the extent of his adventures and sorrows. Gustavus was brought into the Evils of the Slave Trade, and then into the evils of War, both of which violate the sacred teachings of our Savior. But Providence saved him in countless situations, even when my dear Captain had succumbed to illness, so that Gustavus could save more Souls and reveal His Glory to all the World. The Lord and His Grace were present even in the most horrid conditions of war and slavery, and His Servant, Gustavus, could see the Guiding Hand of Providence and thereby be saved. It fills my heart with sorrow to read of the countless betrayals faced by faithful Gustavus, and I thank the Lord that I, at least, ke pt my word and offered him his Freedom, without ever wishing to keep him in further Bondage. That this black seed of Abraham shall redeem the white Christians of Europe from their immorality, lust, and perversity caused by such a pernicious Slave Trade, through my act of manumission is a humbling Honor for which only the Lord deserves credit. If we can now rid ourselves of this Great Sin, let us do so! Gustavus’ talent was well made manifest to me when I saw how quickly he had been able to raise the forty pounds sterling for

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 29

Management - Essay Example Therefore, it is important for Intel to have a proper understanding and interpretation of its external environment. The external environment comprises of the political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, legal and environment aspects (Penrose 60). The political aspects of the external environment relate to the fact that Intel is a multinational company that operates in different states. In effect, the political stability of the country determines the manner in which the company penetrates the market. Politics tend to have great influence on other aspects of the market such as policy and the economy. The ideology adopted by political players determines the direction in which the economy takes and the manner in which the company operates. Intel took over four years negotiating with the Vietnamese government to be allowed to operate in the country. The economic and technological aspects of the environment go to the financial capacity and competitiveness of the various states. The recent economic down turn greatly affected the company’s profitability and level of investment in innovation and new technology. The legal aspect of the environment affects the manner in which the company operates in the specific environment. Unf riendly policies limit the extent of the company’s operations. The porter’s five forces analysis framework interrogates the environment on five main areas. The competition, the substitutes, consumer bargaining power, supplier bargaining power and the intensity of the competition, are the fundamental aspects of the external environment. The technology market is increasingly expanding, and it allows companies to specialize in particular fields. Intel is one among the largest semiconductor chip makers. The chipset industry has a diverse structure that engages different inventors and producers. The competition is differentiated buy the customer loyalty and the legal boundaries that

Victorian Britain Essay Example for Free

Victorian Britain Essay In Victorian times people were more susceptible to being lied to and were a lot more gullible, which is probably why they could believe a lot of the writing more. This is because the Victorians suspension of disbelief was far greater than any of ours today. The Sherlock Holmes mysteries were perfect for their time, but the Holmes character was also reflective of perfection, whereas in todays society we generally prefer our characters to have more flaws, to make them seem more human, although Sherlock Holmes classically still appeals to many. The Cardboard Box describes Sherlock Holmes not only as a very good detective but also as an ear expert, which today we would not believe as very few people could be this clever or perfect, but then the Victorians liked it to be like that and they would believe it, each ear is as a rule quite distinctive, and differs from all other ones. In last years anthropological journal you will find two short monographs from my pen upon the subject. I had therefore examined the ears in the box with the eyes of an expert, and had carefully noted their anatomical peculiarities. Imagine my surprise then, when, on looking at Miss Cushion, I perceived that her ear corresponded exactly with the female ear which I had just inspected. This illustrates Sherlock Holmes talking about his knowledge of ears, such intelligence of which is highly unlikely if he is also admitted as being a very good detective. In The Man with the Twisted Lip, Holmes has somehow managed to figure out that the dirty beggar, Boone, was in fact the well respected, upper class Neville St Clair Holmes stooped the water jug, moistened his sponge, and then rubbed it twice vigorously across and down the prisoners face. Let me introduce you he shouted, to Mr Neville St Clair, of Lee, in the county of Kent. Somehow even though it has deluded every other detective and policemen working on this crime, Holmes had managed to figure it out when no one else could. This again is highly unbelievable that he could have figured it out as he had an insufficient amount of clues. But what is even more unbelievable is from The Speckled Band, where all the clues Holmes had was a dog lead, a bowl of milk and a whistling sound. Somehow he managed to figure out that from this a snake was ordered by the whistling sounds and fed on the milk, and was controlled using the dog lead, and that the snake went up through a fake vent into the next the bedroom and climbed down a fake bell pull to bite the victim and then ordered back by the whistle and tempted back into a safe by the saucer of milk. It is unlikely that anyone, even Sherlock Holmes, should have been able to figure that out with the clues he had. Finally he took the bell rope in his hand and gave it a brisk tug. Why its a dummy, said he. Wont it ring? No its not even attached to a wire. This is very interesting you can see now that it is fastened to a hook just above where the ventilator is. No one else had realised that the bell rope did not work, no one had even realised it wasnt hooked up to a wire but one quick look around the room by Holmes and was enough to see that it was not and he also noticed that there was a fake ventilator when he didnt even know where it led to. All these things show us that many people of Victorian Britain were a lot more susceptible to unbelievable things whereas today we tend to prefer things to be more realistic and more huma. We prefer a character to be flawed, whereas Victorians preferred their characters to be perfect, e. g. Sherlock Holmes. So, in conclusion the Sherlock Holmes stories can tell us a lot about Victorian Britain. We can identify that it was a place where class was everything, and that you should stay in the class you were born into. The upper class citizens were the people that mainly read these books and they appeared to like the seedier side of things, as they thought it was a true aspect of what really happened, which they preferred not to accept, but if it was in a book it was acceptable. The British people thought that they were better than every other ethnic group and saw it as being okay to discriminate against them and be racist whereas today we would not accept it and it is a crime. There was a lot more common crime in those times as well, which came up a lot in the stories as each was based around a crime, with even the higher class people committing crimes like going to opium dens among other things. Poverty as well was a lot more rampant in the Victorian times as no one seemed to be bothered about the poor, as it was part of their everyday life to be or to see a lot of poverty in the streets. The stories also told us about the Victorians love of all things gothic, the architecture, dark clothes and writing; gothic writing contained a lot of murder, ghosts, evilness and darkness. They were also depicted as being a lot more gullible than we are today and would believe almost anything that they were told in stories and were not bothered if it did not seem real. We can see this from Holmes perfect character and how he did not even have one flaw. To summarise, Sir Arthur Conan Doyles stories combine many elements which give us a very good representation of Victorian life.

Analysis of Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes Essay -- Dream Deferred

Analysis of Dream Deferred by Langston Hughes Dreams are the driving force of America today. Every person has some sort of dreams and or goals. Although in life everyone has dreams and goals, there are obviously more struggles for some ethnic groups than for others. The poem, "Dream Deferred," by Langston Hughes, is one man's expression of his dreams during a difficult time period. As a black man in a time period where African-Americans were considered an inferior group of people,dreams and goals would have been difficult to realize. Langston Hughes aptly expresses his frustrations in his poem, "Dream Deferred." As people read this poem, in any time period, they can relate to the simple universal message that the poet expressed. Hughes is very expressive in how he feels about dreams he has had and the fact and his frustration at not being able to pursue and/or fulfill those dreams that he is unable to pursue or fulfill those dreams. In his poem, Hughes asks the reader to think by posing the question, ?What happens to a dream deferred??(1). This first li...

The Great Panda

The giant panda, which lives only in China outside of captivity, has captured the hearts of people of all ages across the globe. From their furry black and white body to their shy and docile nature, they are considered one of the most loved animals. ? Quick Fact The estimated number of giant pandas in the wild varies between 1,500 and 3,000. Intriguing Giant Panda Mysteries While most adore their fluffy fur and round head, which help give them their cuddly bear quality, others are fascinated by the many mysteries of the giant panda.Did you know that a giant panda may actually be a raccoon, they have an opposable pseudo thumb, and they’re technically a carnivore even though their diet is primarily vegetarian? These things and more have baffled scientists and naturalists for hundreds of years. Opposable Pseudo Thumb A characteristic of the giant panda that has mystified scientists is their movable, elongated wrist bone that acts like an opposable thumb. This human-like quality t hat helps give them an even more cuddly-bear appearance enables the giant panda to pick up objects and even eat sitting up.Quick Fact Giant pandas have five clawed toes and one pseudo thumb. Their pseudo thumb, along with pads of skin, help the giant panda strip the more nutritious small bamboo shoots and leaves while they hold the stalk in their mouth. Small Bear or Large Raccoon? Giant pandas are generally referred to as bears and are typically called panda bears rather than giant pandas. Though we may think they look like bears, there has been a great deal of discussion for decades about where giant pandas actually fit in the animal kingdom.Much of the debate has been whether they are more closely related to the red panda, once thought to be a member of the raccoon family, than the bear family. While a giant panda has a body that resembles a small bear and climbs trees like a bear, it also has several characteristics in common with the red panda. For example, both giant pandas an d red pandas eat bamboo and have the same pseudo thumb. The table below lists the main characteristics the giant panda shares with the bear and red panda.Cat-like features While the body of a giant panda looks like that of a bear and the dark circles around its eyes resemble those of a red panda or raccoon, its pupils have vertical slits like the eyes of a cat. Â  DNA results DNA analysis has put one mystery to rest. It has revealed that while the red panda is a distant relative, the giant panda's closest relative is the spectacled bear from South America. Mostly Vegetarian Diet Giant pandas love bamboo!In fact, their diet is 99% bamboo. Along with bamboo, they eat other plants, small rodents, and occasionally fish. The mystery behind their diet is they have the digestive system of a carnivore. ? Their ability to digest bamboo is attributed to tiny microbes that live within their digestive system. Since they can only digest about 20% of what they eat, the average giant panda consum es around 14 kilograms (30 pounds) of bamboo a day. In comparison, humans eat about 2 kilograms (5 pounds) of food a day. This enormous diet means the giant panda spends more than 12 hours a day eating to stay nourished.Quick Fact As the seasons change, the giant panda prefers different species and parts of bamboo. Tiny Cubs An infant giant panda cub is about the size of a croissant, weighs less than a coffee cup, and is about 900 times smaller than its mother. An average adult mother weighs around 91 kilograms (200 pounds) while a newborn weighs only 83 to 190 grams (3 to 4 ounces). Other Fun Giant Panda Facts Researchers have recently discovered the gene responsible for tasting savory or umami flavors, such as meat, is inactive in giant pandas.For many centuries, giant pandas were thought to be a mythical creature, similar to a dragon or unicorn. Unlike other bears in the region, giant pandas don’t hibernate. Giant pandas can stand erect on their hind legs but rarely walk. The Qinling panda, another giant panda species with a dark brown and light brown coat, lives only in the mountains of Shaanxi. Giant pandas have very sensitive hearing and smell, but they have poor eyesight. A newborn giant panda is blind and looks like a tiny, pink, hairless mouse.

Business Model And Strategic Plan - 1373 Words

Business Model and Strategic Plan Part III: Balanced Scorecard and Communication Plan Norma Murillo BUS/475 Dax Chell April 23, 2015 Business Model and Strategic Plan Part III: Balanced Scorecard and Communication Plan The new Walt-Mart division’s vision and mission â€Å"make everything a customer wants to buy universally available, accessible, and socially active† is possible with a proper strategic plan. With a balanced scorecard and an adequate communication plan, the proposed strategies will result in successful implementation. Finance Objectives This company’s greatest asset is cash flow. Walt-Mart recently reported having $16.39 billion as of Jan 31, 2015 total free cash flow (MarketWatch.com, 2015). This can be a great†¦show more content†¦Table 1. Financial Strategic Objectives provide a layout of this information. Table 1. Financial Strategic Objectives Financial Success Objectives Measures Target Initiatives Increase market share Market Share Searches Acquire 10% of the market share Monitor searches and record market share growth for 1 quarter to determine progress. Increase Profitability Revenues Acquire 5% per section (search and online market) Monitor revenues for 1 quarter to determine growth. Maintain Competitive Position Growth Ratios Maintain 5% growth ratio Monitor growth ratio after initiating the new division for 1 quarter. Customer Objectives It is crucial to the vitality of the new division for the Walmart brand be viewed as what the customer expects. Customers are the company and the objectives match their importance. Evaluating market share offers insight to the position of the company. Increase in segment sales such as apparel, home, hardliners, health wellness, entertainments, and groceries after the new division implementation is a result of success in market share (Soni, 2015). Evaluating customer feedback using the research company Customer Service Scoreboard provides a way to measure the promised vision, mission, and appreciation (CustomerServiceScoreboard.com, 2015). Lastly, customer acceptance assures trust in product offered as valued. Monitoring new sales percentage provides a visual to that trust. Table 2. Customer Success Objectives